1908-35 – Underneath dictator Juan Vicente Gomez, Venezuela turns into the world's largest oil exporter.
[1945-[1945- After a long time of navy rule, a civilian authorities is established by means of a coup.
1948 – President Romulo Gallegos, Venezuela's first democratically elected chief, was overthrown inside eight months in a navy coup led by Marcos Perez Jimenez.
1958 – Admiral Wolfgang Larrazabal ousts Marcos Perez Jimenez; The leftist Romulo Betancourt of the Democratic Motion Celebration (AD) wins the presidential election.
1964 – Venezuela's first presidential transition from one civilian to a different happens when Raul Leoni is elected president.
1973 – Venezuela advantages from the oil growth and its foreign money reaches highs in opposition to the US greenback; Oil and metal industries nationalized.
1989 – Carlos Andres Perez is elected president within the midst of the financial disaster and begins austerity program with IMF loans. Riots, martial legislation and a common strike adopted, with a whole bunch killed in road violence.
1992 – Colonel Hugo Chávez and his followers try two coups. About 120 individuals have been killed within the suppression of coups. Colonel Chávez was imprisoned for 2 years earlier than being pardoned.
1998 – Hugo Chávez is elected president on account of disillusionment with the established events and triggers the “Bolivarian Revolution”. He pursues socialist and populist financial and social insurance policies financed by excessive oil costs and a vociferously anti-American overseas coverage.
2005 President Chávez introduces land reform to abolish Venezuela's giant landholdings and assist the agricultural poor. Ranchers say it’s an assault on personal property.
2006 – Venezuela indicators a $three billion arms cope with Russia, forgoing U.S. arms provides. Chávez wins a 3rd presidential election.
2012 – Within the struggle in opposition to inflation, the federal government is increasing worth controls for fundamental items. Venezuela turns into a full member of the regional buying and selling bloc Mercosur. Chávez wins a fourth time period.
2013 – Chavez dies at age 58 after a battle with most cancers. His chosen successor, Nicolas Maduro, is elected president by a slender majority amid an imploding economic system and a divided nation.
2018 – UN Secretary-Common Antonio Guterres decides to have the Worldwide Court docket of Justice (ICJ) hear Venezuela's long-standing declare that the 1899 ruling on the Venezuela-Guyana border is invalid.
2019 – Opposition chief Juan Guaidó declares himself interim president and asks the navy to overthrow President Maduro, saying the 2018 elections have been rigged. The EU, the US and most Latin American nations acknowledge Mr Guaidó.
2020 – The opposition is boycotting the parliamentary elections, duly received by President Maduro's social gathering and its allies.
2023 – In keeping with the United Nations, greater than seven million Venezuelans have fled the nation.
The Worldwide Court docket of Justice rejects Venezuela's objections that it’s not the suitable physique to determine the long-running border dispute between Guyana and Venezuela over Essequibo and says it should now rule on the matter.
Venezuelans overwhelmingly assist the nation's declare to Essequibo in a referendum and assist the creation of a brand new Venezuelan state within the area.
2024 – President Maduro is asserted the winner of a disputed presidential election. The opposition says their candidate was the true winner.